Damage to cartilage in the knee and spinal disc are two of the leading causes of pain, loss of mobility, and disability to people worldwide. To date, no available procedures have proved to regenerate and restore the function of these tissues on a consistent and cost-effective basis. As a consequence, patients with osteoarthritis in the knee or degenerated spinal discs live a life of pain until radical surgeries become their only means of relief. Seeking to solve two of orthopedics’ greatest challenges, ISTO Technologies began exploring new biological solutions to restore patients’ mobility and improve quality of life.